Ear Infection

Otitis externa is often caused by bacteria or fungi growing in the ear canal. It can happen after swimming, hence the name “swimmer’s ear,” or from irritation such as using cotton buds. A break in the skin of the ear canal makes it easier for infection to develop.

Middle ear infections are usually linked to colds or other viral infections, which can cause fluid to build up behind the eardrum. These often clear up on their own but sometimes need antibiotics, especially in children.

With otitis externa, the main symptoms are ear pain, itching, redness, swelling, or discharge from the ear canal. The ear may feel blocked and hearing can be temporarily reduced.

With middle ear infections, common symptoms include earache, fever, irritability in children, or temporary hearing problems. Sometimes the eardrum may burst, leading to a sudden release of fluid or pus.

You should seek urgent medical advice if you have severe ear pain, swelling spreading around the ear, hearing loss that does not improve, dizziness, a high fever, or if the infection is in a child under three months with a temperature over 38°C.

Otitis externa is usually treated with ear drops/sprays containing antibiotics (such as Otomize), antifungals, or steroids to reduce inflammation. Pain relief such as paracetamol or ibuprofen may also help. Our service can provide treatment for uncomplicated otitis externa in adults.

Middle ear infections often get better without treatment, especially in children. Pain relief and rest are usually recommended. If symptoms are severe, last more than a few days, or affect very young children, a GP may prescribe antibiotics.

It is important not to put cotton buds or other objects in the ear, as this can worsen symptoms.

If you are unsure whether your symptoms are due to otitis externa or another type of ear infection, contact your GP for advice.