Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is usually spread through sexual contact with someone who carries the virus.

Transmission can occur through:

• Unprotected vaginal or anal sex
• Genital-to-genital contact
• Oral sex (if the partner has oral herpes)
  
  

The virus can be passed on even if there are no visible symptoms, which is why practising safe sex and regular STI testing is important.

The most common symptoms of genital herpes include painful blisters or sores that appear around the genitals, buttocks, or thighs. These may break open and become tender before healing. In many cases, individuals also experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes.

Other possible symptoms include:

• Itching or tingling around the genital or anal area
• Pain during urination
• Headaches
• Lower back pain
  
  

Symptoms can vary in severity and may be more intense during the first outbreak. Some people may have mild symptoms or none at all but can still pass the virus to others.

Antiviral medications are used to treat outbreaks of genital herpes, helping to reduce symptoms and speed up healing. While treatment can control the virus, it’s important to note that herpes remains in the body for life and may reactivate from time to time.

Common antiviral treatments include:

• Aciclovir
• Valaciclovir
• Famciclovir
  
  

These medications are most effective when taken at the first sign of symptoms. In some cases, daily suppressive therapy may be recommended to reduce the frequency of outbreaks and lower the risk of transmission.