What is Naproxen?

Naproxen 500mg is a prescription pain-relief medication that is part of the NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) group. It is primarily used to treat conditions that cause pain and inflammation, such as arthritis, muscle injuries, and gout. Unlike other pain relievers that work for only a few hours, Naproxen has a longer-lasting effect, providing relief for up to 12 hours.

This medication does not cure arthritis or any of the conditions it is prescribed for. Instead, it helps manage pain and swelling, making it easier for individuals to move around and carry out daily activities without discomfort. Since Naproxen can irritate the stomach lining, doctors usually recommend taking it with food or prescribing enteric-coated tablets, which dissolve later in the digestive system to minimise stomach issues.

What is Naproxen Used For?

1. Arthritis Pain Relief

Naproxen is widely used to manage pain and inflammation in arthritis patients. It helps reduce stiffness, allowing people with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis to move more comfortably.

2. Muscle and Joint Injuries

For those with sprains, strains, or sports injuries, Naproxen helps reduce swelling and pain, making recovery easier and faster. It is commonly prescribed for lower back pain and tendonitis.

3. Gout Treatment

Gout is a type of arthritis that occurs due to the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to intense pain and inflammation. Naproxen reduces the swelling and pain during a gout flare-up.

4. Menstrual Pain Relief

Some women experience severe period cramps due to increased prostaglandin production in the uterus. Naproxen blocks prostaglandin production, reducing menstrual pain and discomfort.

How Does Naproxen Work?

Naproxen works by blocking enzymes called COX-1 and COX-2, which produce prostaglandins—natural chemicals that trigger pain and inflammation. By reducing prostaglandin levels, Naproxen helps relieve pain, swelling, and stiffness.

Key Mechanisms of Action:

Pain Reduction
Naproxen lowers pain signals in the body, making discomfort more manageable.

Inflammation Control
It reduces swelling in joints and muscles, improving movement and flexibility.

Long-Lasting Effect
Naproxen has a longer half-life than some other NSAIDs, meaning it stays in the body longer and provides relief for up to 12 hours.

When to Consider Naproxen for Arthritis

Who Should Use Naproxen:

• People with Chronic Arthritis Pain: If pain affects daily activities, Naproxen can help improve mobility and comfort.

• Individuals Who Need Long-Lasting Pain Relief: Unlike some painkillers that require frequent doses, Naproxen provides relief for an extended period.

• Patients Who Do Not Respond to Milder Painkillers: If paracetamol or ibuprofen is not effective, Naproxen may be a stronger alternative.

• Those Experiencing Gout Flare-Ups: Naproxen helps reduce pain and swelling during gout attacks.

Who Should Not Use Naproxen

• People with Stomach Ulcers or Digestive Problems: Naproxen can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers.

• Those with Heart Conditions: NSAIDs like Naproxen may increase the risk of heart attack or stroke in some individuals.

• Pregnant Women: Naproxen should not be used in the third trimester, as it can affect the baby’s heart and circulation.

• Patients with Severe Kidney or Liver Disease: Naproxen is processed through the kidneys and liver, so it may not be safe for people with organ problems.

Can You Buy Naproxen Over the Counter?

No, Naproxen 500mg is not available over the counter (OTC) in the UK. It is classified as a prescription-only medication (POM), meaning you must obtain a valid prescription from a doctor or healthcare professional to purchase it. This is because higher doses of Naproxen (such as 500mg) require medical supervision due to potential risks like stomach ulcers, kidney problems, and heart complications.

However, lower doses of Naproxen, such as 250mg, can sometimes be bought over the counter in UK pharmacies. These lower-strength tablets are often marketed for short-term pain relief, such as treating period pain, headaches, and muscle aches.

Even if you are taking Naproxen at a lower dose, it is important to follow the pharmacist’s advice and not use it for extended periods without medical consultation. If your pain persists or worsens, you should see a doctor rather than increasing the dosage on your own.

Precautions While Using Naproxen

Naproxen 500mg is an effective pain reliever, but it must be used carefully to avoid complications. Below are important precautions to keep in mind:

1. Always Take with Food

Taking Naproxen on an empty stomach can irritate the stomach lining, leading to indigestion, nausea, and even stomach ulcers. To minimise this risk, always take Naproxen with or just after food, along with a full glass of water.

2. Do Not Exceed the Prescribed Dose

Taking more Naproxen than prescribed can be dangerous. Overuse increases the chances of serious side effects such as stomach bleeding, kidney damage, and heart problems. Stick to your doctor’s recommended dosage, and if you feel that the medication is not working effectively, consult your doctor before making any changes.

3. Avoid Alcohol

Drinking alcohol while taking Naproxen increases the risk of stomach bleeding and ulcers. This is because both Naproxen and alcohol can irritate the stomach lining. To stay safe, it is best to limit or completely avoid alcohol while using this medication.

4. Consult a Doctor if You Have Other Medical Conditions

Certain pre-existing health conditions can make Naproxen unsuitable or risky to take. Speak to your doctor before using Naproxen if you have:

• High blood pressure or heart disease: Naproxen may slightly increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.

• Kidney or liver disease: Long-term use can worsen these conditions.

• Asthma: Some people with asthma may experience worsening symptoms after taking Naproxen.

• A history of stomach ulcers or digestive problems: Naproxen increases the risk of further irritation and complications.

If you notice any unusual symptoms such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, severe stomach pain, or swelling in your legs, stop using the medication and seek medical advice immediately.

Alternative Medications 

If Naproxen is not suitable for you, there are other approved pain relief options in the UK. These medications work in different ways, and some may be safer depending on your condition.

1. Ibuprofen (Nurofen)

• Another NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) that reduces pain, swelling, and inflammation.

• Works similarly to Naproxen but has a shorter duration of action (requires more frequent dosing).

• Available both over the counter and on prescription.

2. Paracetamol (Panadol)

• A milder painkiller that is gentler on the stomach.

• Does not reduce inflammation but can still help relieve pain from conditions like arthritis.

• Can be taken alongside Naproxen for added pain relief, as they work differently.

3. Celecoxib (Celebrex)

• A prescription NSAID designed to provide pain relief with less stomach irritation than Naproxen or Ibuprofen.

• Often prescribed for arthritis and chronic pain conditions.

4. Diclofenac (Voltarol)

• A strong NSAID available in tablet, gel, or patch form.

• Commonly used for joint and muscle pain relief, especially for arthritis and injuries.

• Available both over the counter (gel form) and on prescription (tablet form).

Your doctor or pharmacist can help determine which alternative is most suitable for your condition and medical history.

It is important to take Naproxen exactly as prescribed by your doctor to avoid side effects and complications.

How to Take Naproxen 500mg:

• Dosage: Usually, one 500mg tablet once or twice a day, depending on the condition being treated.

• Take with food: Always take Naproxen with or just after a meal to reduce stomach irritation.

• Swallow whole: Do not crush, chew, or break the tablet, as this can affect how the medicine is absorbed in your body.

• Drink plenty of water: A full glass of water helps the tablet dissolve and reduces the risk of stomach issues.

Missed a Dose?

• If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember.

• If it is close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next one as scheduled.

• Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.

Stopping Naproxen

• If you need to stop taking Naproxen, consult your doctor first.

• Stopping suddenly, especially after long-term use, may cause pain and inflammation to return.

Active Ingredient:

• Naproxen: The main ingredient responsible for reducing pain and inflammation.

Inactive Ingredients (May Vary by Manufacturer):

• Magnesium stearate: Helps in the formation of tablets.

• Titanium dioxide: Used as a coating agent to make the tablet easier to swallow.

• Corn starch: Helps bind the ingredients together.

Note: The inactive ingredients may vary between different manufacturers. If you have allergies to any additives, always check the patient information leaflet provided with your specific brand of Naproxen.

Like all medications, Naproxen can cause side effects, though not everyone will experience them.

Common Side Effects (May Affect 1 in 10 People):

• Stomach pain

• Nausea or indigestion

• Headaches

• Dizziness

• Heartburn

Less Common But More Serious Side Effects:

• Stomach ulcers or bleeding: Signs include vomiting blood, black stools, or severe stomach pain.

• Kidney problems: Symptoms include swelling in the ankles, tiredness, or changes in urination.

• High blood pressure: Naproxen can sometimes cause an increase in blood pressure, especially in people with pre-existing conditions.

Rare but Serious Reactions (Seek Medical Attention Immediately):

1. Allergic Reaction (Anaphylaxis)

• Swelling of the face, lips, or throat

• Difficulty breathing or severe skin rash

2. Liver Problems

• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)

• Dark urine and severe fatigue

3. Heart-Related Issues

• Chest pain or shortness of breath

• Irregular heartbeat

If you experience any serious side effects, stop taking Naproxen and seek medical help immediately.