In women, thrush can cause swelling around the vaginal area along with irritation and itching. A thick white discharge, often described as resembling cottage cheese, is another common symptom. For visual reference, you can visit the NHS website, which provides images showing how thrush may appear on both the vagina and the penis.

In more severe cases, the skin may become very red and sore, and small cracks or fissures, similar to tiny paper cuts, can develop around the vaginal opening.

If thrush is not treated, symptoms can gradually become worse. Irritation and discomfort may increase, itching can become more severe, and painful cracks (similar to paper cuts) may appear around the vagina. Some women also experience ongoing stinging during sex or when passing urine. The good news is that treatment is usually very effective and clears the infection quickly.

Both oral capsules and vaginal pessaries are equally effective at treating thrush. Some women prefer pessaries, while others choose the convenience of a single oral capsule. If you are experiencing severe itching, an antifungal cream can be used alongside treatment to help relieve symptoms more quickly. Evidence shows that both options work just as well in clearing the infection.

Antifungal creams such as clotrimazole can help soothe itching and irritation, while oral capsules and pessaries treat the infection at its source. You may also find relief by applying a cool compress to the area or wearing loose cotton underwear, which helps reduce discomfort and allows the skin to breathe.

Thrush is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI), but it can sometimes be passed between partners during sex. If thrush keeps coming back, it may be necessary for both partners to have treatment to prevent reinfection.

Men who develop thrush after sexual contact can usually be treated with an antifungal cream or a single-dose capsule. However, if symptoms occur without recent sexual transmission, they should see a doctor, as thrush is less common in men and may be linked to an underlying health condition.